Sweden’s study shows that the general half -bulgim drug, which has been found to contaminate the world’s waterways, seems to affect the movement behavior of the Wild Western salmon.
This study published in the journal scienceWild salmon found that risk avoidance was reduced when exposed to mental active drug chlobadam. As a result, the way the fish migrated has changed.
Jack Brand of the University of Sweden’s Uppsala (Uppsala), Jack Brand, said, It was higher and passed through artificial barriers like hydroelectric dams rather than unposted fish.
The brand said, “The increase in migration can sound like a positive effect at first, but all the interruptions on natural behavior can have negative consequences throughout the ecosystem.”
The World Lecture Survey has been found in all continents of the earth, and even the waterway of Antarctica. Nearly 1,000 other active pharmaceutical drugs have been found in the world’s environment that harms biodiversity, ecosystem and public health.
How to change drug pollution changes salmon migration
Researchers conducted large -scale field studies and laboratory experiments to study the influence of Clovadam on salmon behavior because drugs were widely found in world waterways.
In the field experiment, the researchers transplanted the remote measurement tracking device into 279 wild salmon, and slowly released a small amount of clovatam with the implant.
They migrated under the moon river in the Swedish moon, tracked salmon, passed two hydropower dams, and entered the Baltic Sea.
They found that salmon controls that were not exposed to Chlobatam passed through slower underwater dams than fish exposed to drugs.
The brand said, “I think that this observed migration change can come from increasing risk -induced behavior of social epidemiology.
How Clobazam changes salmon behavior
The laboratory experiment also found that Clobazam changed the way the salmon moved from the swarm. They have made a less firm packed swarm, especially if there are predators.
The brand said, “Due to the changed migration timing, the fish can reach the sea under optimal conditions, or increase the exposure to predators and other risks. Over time, these subtle changes can change demographic and interfere with ecosystem balance.”
This study did not reveal the long -term impact of pharmaceutical contamination in the waterway for salmon population.
Josefin Sundin, an ecological scholar of the freshwater research institute in DrotteningHolm, said, “Researchers have followed fish during the period of migration. SUNDIN was not involved in this study.
“We don’t know how Small (young salmon) was influenced or how it would be influenced when we returned to the river while maintaining a continuous life in the Baltic Sea,” SUNDIN told DW.
How to contaminate waterways elsewhere in the world
This study is the latest to emphasize the ecological problems of pharmaceutical pollution.
Researchers have investigated the effects of more than 400 pharmaceutical compounds in almost 200 aquatic animals.
Pharmaceuticals enters the environment through sewage that is processed or unprocessed, and discharges livestock or veterinarian wastewater. The drug accumulates in the body and brain of the wildlife.
According to a 2006 Canadian experiment, fish population is exposed to general synthetic estrogen used in birth control pills. The accumulation of hormones in wild fish led to the collapse of men’s feminization and local fish troops.
Sundin said, “Many studies have found that the tested drugs affect animal behavior.
Given the extensive presence of pharmaceuticals in the world’s waterways, the brand suspects that many species can be vulnerable to the effect. Studies show that medicines can pass the entire food chain.
The brand said, “This can affect not only aquatic creatures, but also on the land of eating insects or fish in contaminated waterways, and shows how extensive this effect is.
How to reduce pharmaceutical pollution
Existing water treatment methods are not always effective in eliminating constraints, which is why traces of these compounds are leaked into wild water.
Some progressive wastewater treatment methods, such as the new film filtration and oxidation process, have succeeded in reducing pharmaceutical contamination.
However, the infrastructure is not enough, so it cannot be used in many parts of the world. That’s why upgrading the wastewater treatment system is part of the solution, but it’s not the only one.
Scientists emphasized the potential of “green chemistry” to reduce drug contamination. Here, it is designed for biodegradable drugs faster in the environment or toxicity after use.
The brand said, “In terms of policy, more powerful regulations and improved disposal practices can help to limit how much pharmaceuticals are initially consumed in water.
“Although single modifications are not sufficient, pharmaceutical pose can reduce the risk of wildlife by combining science, policy and technology efforts.”
Edit: Zulfikar Abbany
Source:
Pharmaceutical contamination affects the migration from the Atlantic salmon to the river (Salmo Salar) www.science.org/doi/10.1126/Science.adp7174
Fish population collapse after exposure to synthetic estrogen www.pnas.org/doi/epdf/10.1073/pnas.0609568104
Emergency necessity for green drug design www.nature.com/articles/s41893-024-01374-.
