A bizarre space explosion scientists cannot explain

Astronomers found about 12 of this strange and rare explosion. Can they be a sign of a special kind of black hole?

Astronomers boomed in the depth of space. The telescope of the earth was surprisingly bright and unusual in 2018, showing a 200 million years of light.

The explosion has become quick and gorgeous. Label is given At2018cowExplosion that looks strange-it did Same size as solar system -Soon, the more memorable nickname is known as “The Cow”.

After this brilliant incident, astronomers found a similar explosive explosion in space. These depicted as the Luminous Fast Blue Optical Transients (LFBOTS) all share the same characteristics.

Anna Ho, an astronomer at Cornell University in New York, said LFBOT’s L is “very shining.” The blue color moves the light to the blue part of the spectrum as a result of about 40,000c (72,000f) with a very high temperature of the explosion. The last character of the abbreviation O and T indicates that these events appear in visible light spectrum (optical) and have a short lifespan.

At first, scientists thought that LFBOTS could have failed for supernova. The star tried to explode, but instead went bankrupt and formed a black hole at the core and spent them inside.

But another theory is to get traction. If you swallow the stars that are too close to the middle -sized black hole, known as Black Holes, the small flare is triggered. Research papers published in November last year New evidence of this ideaI suggest that it can be a preferred explanation. “The general feelings are changing in that direction,” said Daniel Perleey, an astronomer at John Moores University.

If this turns out to be correct, it can provide important evidence of the existence of a difficult black hole, which is a missing link between an important clue between the smallest and largest black holes and one of the largest mysteries in the universe.

In 2018, the first COW FLARE was detected by the sky robot investigation using the earth -based telescope called the asteroid terrestrial final warning system (Atla). The system has caused an explosion that occurs in about 200 million light years on Earth. It was noticeably, it was up to 100 times brighter than normal supernova I went in a few days and went. Normal supernova takes several weeks or months to run a course. This explosion is also A Strange and flat structureAccording to the observation of researchers at the University of Sheffield, UK,

Since then, astronomers have confirmed 12 similar events. Most of them are also known by animal -themed nicknames, and are loosely known based on randomly assigned letters in the astronomical investigation. ZTF18ABVKWLASeeing it in 2018 is called koala. ZTF20acigmelDiscovered in 2020 is known as a camel. At2022TSDWhat was found in 2022 is Tasmania Devil. And 2023 At2023FHN It is called pinch or chicks.

Astronomers use telescope investigations more and more to study many of the sky to find these events. If one person goes up, he can warn another astronomer. AstronomyA kind of online bulletin board for astronomical events. This warning aims to induce other telescopes by action to point out the case to observe in detail before the explosion disappears from the view.

In November, Ho and Ferry discovered another new LFBOT. At2024WPPBut I haven’t gained a nickname yet. “We were thinking about the wasp,” he said. This explosion was the brightest LFBOT observed since the cow, especially in interest, and was found very early in the stage of brightening, which can train many telescopes, including the Hubble space telescope. Perley said, “It’s the best since the small itself.

Initial observation suggests that wasp did not occur due to failure of failure. In the theoretical scenario, the star will collapse in itself in the process of exploding. Black hole or a dense neutron star is formed inside the star shell, and the radiation jet is exploded through the shell. Central engine. This will explain the simple small flare you see on Earth.

But wasps seemed to have a shortage of signs of substances that were far from the explosion that scientists could expect in such events. But he pointed out that the current discovery is a reserve. “We are still analyzing data,” he said.

In September 2024, Zheng CAO of the Netherlands Institute for Space Research reviewed the first detected LFBOT. Also found evidence It challenged the failed supernova theory.

When the star eats, it will sometimes be a big mass of the stars, and the black hole will suddenly brighten and create a small flare found by the astronomers on the planet.

CAO said, “We believe that our research supports the intermediate mass black hole characteristics of AT2018COW and similar LFBOTS.

Another idea Torn by a much smaller black hole 10 to 100 times the mass of our sun. Brian Metzger, the theoretical astronomer physicist at the University of New York, is one of the people who support this idea. He says that this can be formed in a similar way to the black hole pairs detected by the gravitational waves they produce, in which case only one of the stars becomes a black hole.

But the intermediate mass black hole theory is probably the most attractive and preferred idea now. If it’s correct, it means that LFBOT is a unique opportunity to study mysterious medium -sized black holes. Astronomers were reasonably convinced that there was an intermediate mass black hole in the universe, but no one was found yet. Decisive evidence For them.

And it can be very important to act as a missing link between the largest and largest and large black holes, such as the smallest black hole in the universe and the center of our galaxy. LFBOTS can reveal the location of the intermediate mass black hole and how common it is.

Perleey said, “The intermediate mass black hole model is the most interesting. Evidence has been saved. “

To find out what LFBOTS is, you need a much larger sample. Perleey said, “Unfortunately it is really rare.” He added that the data for about 100 people would be the next step. Israeli orbital telescope Ultraviolet astronomy satellite (Ultrasat) will be released. It is the same as seeing 1,000 full moons thanks to the very wide field of view of 204 square.

Other space telescopes, such as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), can collect more data for singular LFBOTS that can be trained in an explosion while exploding brightly. “JWST will be perfect, but it’s hard to spend time for such observations in the telescope.” Ho said, “I proposed this twice.”

There will be a mystery of this strange explosion until more data arrives. Clearly, LFBOT has been found to be much more unusual than expected.

Perleey said, “I thought this would be a fun and one -time project.” They became more and more interesting. “

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